英语词汇pinkerton的起源、历史背景-英语词源词典

Pinkerton. When he came to America from Glasgow in 1842, Allan Pinkerton opened a cooper’s shop in West Dundee, Illinois, his shop becoming a station in the underground railroad smuggling slaves north. Later he captured a ring of counterfeiters, this leading to his appointment in 1850 as the first city detective on Chicago’s police force—a one-man detec- tive squad. In Chicago Pinkerton also organized a detective agency to capture railway thieves, which became Pinkerton’s National Detective Agency in 1852. But he achieved national prominence in February 1861, upon foiling a plot to assassinate President-elect Lincoln when his train stopped in Baltimore on the way to his inauguration in Washington. Pinkerton died in 1884, aged 65, but his sons Robert and William continued the agency. It is from this period on that Pinkerton’s was chiefly en- gaged by industry as spies and strikebreakers, earning the bitter condemnation of labor, especially for its role in suppressing the Homestead Strike in 1892. A Pinkerton or Pinkerton man came to mean either a private detective or, in the opinion of many working men, something lower than a fink. In 1937 the agency was subjected to congressional investigation during industrial disputes over the redecognition of unions. See fink; private eye.

词汇	pinkerton
词源	Pinkerton. When he came to America from Glasgow in 1842, Allan Pinkerton opened a cooper’s shop in West Dundee, Illinois, his shop becoming a station in the underground railroad smuggling slaves north. Later he captured a ring of counterfeiters, this leading to his appointment in 1850 as the first city detective on Chicago’s police force—a one-man detec- tive squad. In Chicago Pinkerton also organized a detective agency to capture railway thieves, which became Pinkerton’s National Detective Agency in 1852. But he achieved national prominence in February 1861, upon foiling a plot to assassinate President-elect Lincoln when his train stopped in Baltimore on the way to his inauguration in Washington. Pinkerton died in 1884, aged 65, but his sons Robert and William continued the agency. It is from this period on that Pinkerton’s was chiefly en- gaged by industry as spies and strikebreakers, earning the bitter condemnation of labor, especially for its role in suppressing the Homestead Strike in 1892. A Pinkerton or Pinkerton man came to mean either a private detective or, in the opinion of many working men, something lower than a fink. In 1937 the agency was subjected to congressional investigation during industrial disputes over the redecognition of unions. See fink; private eye.
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