英语词汇nietzschean的起源、历史背景-英语词源词典

Nietzschean. The philosophy of Friedrich Wilhelm Nietz- sche, much distorted by the Nazis and other “supermen,” did however champion the “morals of master men,” especially in the philosopher’s famous four-part work Thus Spake Zarathus- tra (1883–91). The son of a German pastor, Nietzsche was acid- ly antagonistic to humble and compassionate Christianity—a slave morality born of resentment, he thought. The philosopher denied the values of beauty, truth, and goodness and asserted that man is perfectible through the will to power. Nietzsche did not claim that the Germans were a master race, as Nazi propa- gandists insisted; his Nietzschean doctrine of the Ubermensch, or dominant man, above good or evil, applied to no particular nationality. Ubermensch, incidentally, means “overman” or “be- yondman” in German, not “superman.” George Bernard Shaw coined the latter word from Nietzsche’s term when he wrote Man and Superman in 1903. Nietzsche, rejected and reviled by his contemporaries, died insane at the age of 56 in 1891, 11 years after suffering a physical and mental collapse that prevented him from doing more work. It is interesting to note that the philosopher criticized anti-Semitism and many other tendencies that led to Nazism. Few other men have had so strong an influence on 20th-century thought. See superman.

词汇	nietzschean
词源	Nietzschean. The philosophy of Friedrich Wilhelm Nietz- sche, much distorted by the Nazis and other “supermen,” did however champion the “morals of master men,” especially in the philosopher’s famous four-part work Thus Spake Zarathus- tra (1883–91). The son of a German pastor, Nietzsche was acid- ly antagonistic to humble and compassionate Christianity—a slave morality born of resentment, he thought. The philosopher denied the values of beauty, truth, and goodness and asserted that man is perfectible through the will to power. Nietzsche did not claim that the Germans were a master race, as Nazi propa- gandists insisted; his Nietzschean doctrine of the Ubermensch, or dominant man, above good or evil, applied to no particular nationality. Ubermensch, incidentally, means “overman” or “be- yondman” in German, not “superman.” George Bernard Shaw coined the latter word from Nietzsche’s term when he wrote Man and Superman in 1903. Nietzsche, rejected and reviled by his contemporaries, died insane at the age of 56 in 1891, 11 years after suffering a physical and mental collapse that prevented him from doing more work. It is interesting to note that the philosopher criticized anti-Semitism and many other tendencies that led to Nazism. Few other men have had so strong an influence on 20th-century thought. See superman.
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