英语词汇edison的起源、历史背景-英语词源词典

Edison; Edison effect. When Thomas Alva Edison died in 1931, aged 84, the New York Times devoted four and a half full pages to his obituary, calling him the greatest benefactor of humanity in modern times. His name is a synonym for inven- tor and his more than 1,300 United States and foreign patents establish him as probably the world’s greatest genius in the practical application of scientific principles. Born in Milan, Ohio, reared in Port Huron, Michigan, Edison had been inter- ested in science since childhood—so curious in fact, that he once fed another boy a large dose of Seidlitz powders to see if the gas generated would enable him to fly. He had less than three months of formal schooling, was educated by his school- teacher mother, and at 12 became a newspaper boy on the Grand Trunk Railway—his hearing became impaired at that time by a cuff on the ear from a railroad conductor. Edison’s first successful invention was an improved stock ticker, which he proceeded to manufacture. He then devoted his full time to the “invention business.” The Wizard of Menlo Park—where one of his first shops was located—soon had a new laboratory in West Orange, New Jersey, where he could “build anything from a lady’s watch to a locomotive.” A list of only his most noted inventions is still almost unbelieveable. These included assisting in the invention of the typewriter; invention of the carbon telephone transmitter; the first commercially practical electric light; an entire complex system, complete with many inventions, for the distribution of electricity for light and pow- er, which resulted in the first central electric light power plant in the world in New York City; an electric automobile; the first full-sized electric motor; electric railway signals; station-to- station wireless telegraphy; an efficient alkaline storage bat- tery; the magnetic ore separator; paraffin paper; an improved Portland cement; the Dictaphone; a mimeograph machine; the phonograph; the fluoroscope; and a motion-picture ma- chine called the kinetoscope, from which developed the mod- ern motion picture. Many of his inventions spawned giant modern industries—the electric light, his telephone transmit- ter, the phonograph, and the motion-picture camera being only four such discoveries. Ironically, the Edison effect, one of the few discoveries named for him, was not exploited by the inventor. It is the principle of the radio vacuum tube that made radio and television possible. The Edison base of light sockets also bears the immortal inventor’s name, as does a town in central New Jersey. One of his five children, Charles Edison, served as that state’s governor.

词汇	edison
词源	Edison; Edison effect. When Thomas Alva Edison died in 1931, aged 84, the New York Times devoted four and a half full pages to his obituary, calling him the greatest benefactor of humanity in modern times. His name is a synonym for inven- tor and his more than 1,300 United States and foreign patents establish him as probably the world’s greatest genius in the practical application of scientific principles. Born in Milan, Ohio, reared in Port Huron, Michigan, Edison had been inter- ested in science since childhood—so curious in fact, that he once fed another boy a large dose of Seidlitz powders to see if the gas generated would enable him to fly. He had less than three months of formal schooling, was educated by his school- teacher mother, and at 12 became a newspaper boy on the Grand Trunk Railway—his hearing became impaired at that time by a cuff on the ear from a railroad conductor. Edison’s first successful invention was an improved stock ticker, which he proceeded to manufacture. He then devoted his full time to the “invention business.” The Wizard of Menlo Park—where one of his first shops was located—soon had a new laboratory in West Orange, New Jersey, where he could “build anything from a lady’s watch to a locomotive.” A list of only his most noted inventions is still almost unbelieveable. These included assisting in the invention of the typewriter; invention of the carbon telephone transmitter; the first commercially practical electric light; an entire complex system, complete with many inventions, for the distribution of electricity for light and pow- er, which resulted in the first central electric light power plant in the world in New York City; an electric automobile; the first full-sized electric motor; electric railway signals; station-to- station wireless telegraphy; an efficient alkaline storage bat- tery; the magnetic ore separator; paraffin paper; an improved Portland cement; the Dictaphone; a mimeograph machine; the phonograph; the fluoroscope; and a motion-picture ma- chine called the kinetoscope, from which developed the mod- ern motion picture. Many of his inventions spawned giant modern industries—the electric light, his telephone transmit- ter, the phonograph, and the motion-picture camera being only four such discoveries. Ironically, the Edison effect, one of the few discoveries named for him, was not exploited by the inventor. It is the principle of the radio vacuum tube that made radio and television possible. The Edison base of light sockets also bears the immortal inventor’s name, as does a town in central New Jersey. One of his five children, Charles Edison, served as that state’s governor.
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