英语词汇ketchup的起源、历史背景-英语词源词典

ketchup. Is it ketchup, catsup, catchup, or kitchup? Since the word derives from the Chinese Amoy dialect ke-tsiap, “pick- led fish-brine or sauce,” which became the Malay kechap, the first spelling is perhaps the best. The original condiment that Dutch traders imported from the Orient appears to have been either a fish sauce similar to the Roman garum or a sauce made from special mushrooms salted for preservation. En- glishmen added a “t” to the Malay word, changed the “a” to “u” and began making ketchup themselves, using ingredients like mushrooms, walnuts, cucumbers, and oysters. It wasn’t until American seamen added tomatoes from Mexico or the Spanish West Indies to the condiment that tomato ketchup was born. But the spelling and pronunciation “catsup” have strong literary precedents, as witness Dean Swift’s: “And for our home-bred British cheer,/ Botargo [fish roe relish], catsup and cabiar [caviar].” (1730). Catchup has an earlier citation (1690) than either of the other spellings, predating ketchup by some 20 years. Ketjap, the Dutch word for the sauce, and kitchup have also been used in English. Anyway, a red tide of half a billion bottles of ketchup, catsup, catchup, or kitchup is slopped on everything from Big Macs to vanilla ice cream(!) in America each year.

词汇	ketchup
词源	ketchup. Is it ketchup, catsup, catchup, or kitchup? Since the word derives from the Chinese Amoy dialect ke-tsiap, “pick- led fish-brine or sauce,” which became the Malay kechap, the first spelling is perhaps the best. The original condiment that Dutch traders imported from the Orient appears to have been either a fish sauce similar to the Roman garum or a sauce made from special mushrooms salted for preservation. En- glishmen added a “t” to the Malay word, changed the “a” to “u” and began making ketchup themselves, using ingredients like mushrooms, walnuts, cucumbers, and oysters. It wasn’t until American seamen added tomatoes from Mexico or the Spanish West Indies to the condiment that tomato ketchup was born. But the spelling and pronunciation “catsup” have strong literary precedents, as witness Dean Swift’s: “And for our home-bred British cheer,/ Botargo [fish roe relish], catsup and cabiar [caviar].” (1730). Catchup has an earlier citation (1690) than either of the other spellings, predating ketchup by some 20 years. Ketjap, the Dutch word for the sauce, and kitchup have also been used in English. Anyway, a red tide of half a billion bottles of ketchup, catsup, catchup, or kitchup is slopped on everything from Big Macs to vanilla ice cream(!) in America each year.
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