英语词汇linnaean system的起源、历史背景-英语词源词典

Linnaean system. Linnaeus, most famous of all naturalists, not only dubbed us Homo sapiens, but chose the names for far more things than any other person in history, classifying liter- ally thousands of plants, animals, and minerals. Carl von Linné—Carolus Linnaeus is the Latin form of his name— showed an early love of flowers that earned him the nickname “the little botanist” when he was only eight years old. The son of a Lutheran minister who cultivated his interest in nature, he became an assistant professor of botany at Uppsala University, then studied medicine in Holland, where in 1735 he wrote his Systema Naturae. Linnaeus was only 28 at the time, and his masterpiece was followed by Genera Plantarum in 1737 and Species Plantarum 16 years later. These books marked the be- ginning of taxonomy, a system of scientific nomenclature that would be elaborated in more than 180 works. The Linnaean system the naturalist developed divided the kingdoms of ani- mals, vegetables, and minerals into classes, orders, genera, spe- cies, and varieties, according to various characteristics. It adopted binominal nomenclature, giving two Latin names— genus and species—to each organism. In this two-name system all closely related species bear the same genus name, e.g. Pan- thera (Latin for “cat”) leo is the lion, and Panthera tigris is the tiger. The system Linnaeus invented provided scientists with an exact tool for the identification of organisms and is standard today, although many old popular names for plants and ani- mals linger on. Further it recognized all organisms as part of a grand scheme, a unique concept at the time. Linnaeus contin- ued to practice medicine and headed the botany department at Uppsala, naming thousands of plants that he collected and classifying hundreds more that professional and amateur bota- nists sent him from all over the world. He named some plants for their characteristics alone, some for prominent people and others for their discoverers, but in almost every case the desig- nation he applied remains intact. Linnaeus was 71 when he died at Uppsala in the cathedral in which he is buried. His gar- den at the university, where he grew many of his plants, is still visited by pilgrims from all over the world. See also linnaea; linden tree.

词汇	linnaean system
词源	Linnaean system. Linnaeus, most famous of all naturalists, not only dubbed us Homo sapiens, but chose the names for far more things than any other person in history, classifying liter- ally thousands of plants, animals, and minerals. Carl von Linné—Carolus Linnaeus is the Latin form of his name— showed an early love of flowers that earned him the nickname “the little botanist” when he was only eight years old. The son of a Lutheran minister who cultivated his interest in nature, he became an assistant professor of botany at Uppsala University, then studied medicine in Holland, where in 1735 he wrote his Systema Naturae. Linnaeus was only 28 at the time, and his masterpiece was followed by Genera Plantarum in 1737 and Species Plantarum 16 years later. These books marked the be- ginning of taxonomy, a system of scientific nomenclature that would be elaborated in more than 180 works. The Linnaean system the naturalist developed divided the kingdoms of ani- mals, vegetables, and minerals into classes, orders, genera, spe- cies, and varieties, according to various characteristics. It adopted binominal nomenclature, giving two Latin names— genus and species—to each organism. In this two-name system all closely related species bear the same genus name, e.g. Pan- thera (Latin for “cat”) leo is the lion, and Panthera tigris is the tiger. The system Linnaeus invented provided scientists with an exact tool for the identification of organisms and is standard today, although many old popular names for plants and ani- mals linger on. Further it recognized all organisms as part of a grand scheme, a unique concept at the time. Linnaeus contin- ued to practice medicine and headed the botany department at Uppsala, naming thousands of plants that he collected and classifying hundreds more that professional and amateur bota- nists sent him from all over the world. He named some plants for their characteristics alone, some for prominent people and others for their discoverers, but in almost every case the desig- nation he applied remains intact. Linnaeus was 71 when he died at Uppsala in the cathedral in which he is buried. His gar- den at the university, where he grew many of his plants, is still visited by pilgrims from all over the world. See also linnaea; linden tree.
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