英语词汇tammany的起源、历史背景-英语词源词典

Tammany; Tweed Ring. Tammany Hall hasn’t the power it once did, but for over 150 years the machine held sway over New York City politics under such bosses as William Tweed, Richard Croker, and Carmine DeSapio. Tammany’s unsavory association with machine politics dates back to the late 18th century, but Tammany clubs thrived in this country long be- fore that, mostly as patriotic Revolutionary War organizations that ridiculed Tory groups like the Society of St. George. The clubs were named for Tammanend or Tammenund, a Dela- ware Indian chief said to have welcomed William Penn and signed with him the Treaty of Shakamaxon calling for friendly relations. Tammanend (sometimes his name is given as Tam- iny or Tammany) may have negotiated with Penn for the land that became Pennsylvania and may have been George Wash- ington’s friend. The colonists jocularly canonized this friendly Indian chieftain as St. Tammany and adopted his name for their patriotic societies. These gradually died out, but not be- fore one William Mooney had formed a Tammany Society in New York in 1789. By the Jacksonian era the club became one of the strongest Democratic political organizations in Ameri- ca. Thomas Nast created the famous symbol of the Tammany tiger in his cartoons attacking the machine in the 1870s, when the corrupt tweed ring was fleecing the city of over $100 million.

词汇	tammany
词源	Tammany; Tweed Ring. Tammany Hall hasn’t the power it once did, but for over 150 years the machine held sway over New York City politics under such bosses as William Tweed, Richard Croker, and Carmine DeSapio. Tammany’s unsavory association with machine politics dates back to the late 18th century, but Tammany clubs thrived in this country long be- fore that, mostly as patriotic Revolutionary War organizations that ridiculed Tory groups like the Society of St. George. The clubs were named for Tammanend or Tammenund, a Dela- ware Indian chief said to have welcomed William Penn and signed with him the Treaty of Shakamaxon calling for friendly relations. Tammanend (sometimes his name is given as Tam- iny or Tammany) may have negotiated with Penn for the land that became Pennsylvania and may have been George Wash- ington’s friend. The colonists jocularly canonized this friendly Indian chieftain as St. Tammany and adopted his name for their patriotic societies. These gradually died out, but not be- fore one William Mooney had formed a Tammany Society in New York in 1789. By the Jacksonian era the club became one of the strongest Democratic political organizations in Ameri- ca. Thomas Nast created the famous symbol of the Tammany tiger in his cartoons attacking the machine in the 1870s, when the corrupt tweed ring was fleecing the city of over $100 million.
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