punctuate (v.)
在写作和印刷方面,“用常规符号表示停顿或停止”的称为标点符号,1818年,可能是从 punctuation 中反推出来的。因此,比喻地说,“间歇性地中断”(1833); “通过某些重要或有力的行动强调”(1883)。相关: Punctuated; punctuating。早期罕见或孤立使用该词的意义是“指出”,可以追溯到1630年代,来自中世纪拉丁语 punctuatus,过去分词 punctuare,来自拉丁语 punctus。
punctuate 的相关词汇
1530年代,“诗篇的标点”(为了唱诗篇),源自中世纪拉丁语 punctuationem(主格 punctuatio)“用点标记的写作”,动作名词,来自 punctuare 的过去分词词干“用点或点标记”,源自拉丁语 punctus,过去分词形式 pungere “刺,穿刺”(来自 PIE 词根 *peuk- “刺”)。1660年代记录了“在书面材料中插入暂停的系统”的含义。
The modern system of punctuation was gradually developed after the introduction of printing, primarily through the efforts of Aldus Manutius and his family. ... Long after the use of the present points became established, they were so indiscriminately employed that, if closely followed, they are often a hindrance rather than an aid in reading and understanding the text. There is still much uncertainty and arbitrariness in punctuation, but its chief office is now generally understood to be that of facilitating a clear comprehension of the sense. [Century Dictionary, 1895]
现代标点符号系统是在印刷引入后逐渐发展起来的,主要是通过阿尔杜斯·马努提乌斯及其家族的努力。……即使在现在这些点的使用已经得到确认之后,它们仍然被如此不加区分地使用,以至于如果严格遵循,它们经常会妨碍阅读和理解文本。标点仍然存在很多不确定性和武断性,但它的主要作用现在通常被理解为促进对意义的清晰理解。[世纪词典,1895]
[P]unctuation is cold notation; it is not frustrated speech; it is typographic code. [Robert Bringhurst, "The Elements of Typographic Style," 2004]
【P】标点是冷酷的符号; 它不是挫败的言语; 它是印刷代码。[罗伯特·布林赫斯特,《印刷样式的元素》,2004]
"误标点(书面材料)",始于1843年,源自 mis-(1)"错误地,不当地"和 punctuate(v.)的结合。相关词汇: Mispunctuated; mispunctuating; mispunctuation(1812)。
还有 *peug-,原始印欧语根,意为“刺痛”。
它构成或部分构成以下单词: appoint; appointment; bung; compunction; contrapuntal; expugn; expunge; impugn; interpunction; oppugn; pink; poignant; point; pointe; pointillism; poniard; pounce; pugilism; pugilist; pugnacious; pugnacity; punch(n.1)“用于打孔或浮雕的尖工具”; punch(n.3)“用拳头猛击”; punch(v.)“用拳头打”; puncheon(n.2)“用于打孔或穿孔的尖工具”; punctilio; punctilious; punctual; punctuate; punctuation; puncture; pungent; punty; Pygmy; repugn; repugnance; repugnant。
它是以下单词的假设来源/其存在的证据由以下单词提供: pyx(带握拳); pygme(拳头,拳击); pyktes(拳击手); 拉丁语 pugnare(战斗),尤其是用拳头打, pungere(刺穿,刺痛)。