turbulent (adj.)

"浑浊的，混杂着杂质的，浓稠的，不清晰的"，用于液体中混浊的沉淀或颜色，1620年代，源自拉丁语 turbidus "浑浊的，充满混乱"，来自 turbare "使混乱，使困惑"，来自 turba "骚乱，人群"，其起源不确定。德·范写道：

Turba seems most similar to [Greek syrbe, Attic tyrbe] 'noise, commotion', ... which are probably loanwords. In that case, Latin would have borrowed the word from a Greek dialect, or both Greek and Latin borrowed it from a third source. In view of the quite well-developed word family already in Plautus, which suggests that turba had been in the language for some time, the latter option seems preferable.

Turba 最类似于 [希腊语 syrbe,雅典语 tyrbe ] '噪音，骚动'，...这些可能是借词。如果是这样，拉丁语可能从希腊方言借用了这个词，或者希腊语和拉丁语都从第三方借用了这个词。考虑到在普劳图斯已经有相当发达的词族，这表明 turba 已经在语言中存在了一段时间，后一种选择似乎更可取。

相关词汇： Turbidly； turbidness。

15世纪初，源自于晚期拉丁语的 turbulentia “麻烦，不安”，来自于拉丁语 turbulentus（参见 turbulent）。1918年开始用于指影响飞机的大气涡旋。相关词汇： Turbulency。