英语词汇chapel的起源、历史背景-英语词源词典

chapel; chaplain. St. Martin of Tours converted to Christian- ity as a young pagan soldier in the Roman army under Con- stantine. According to Butler’s Lives of the Saints, “In a very hard winter, during a severe frost, he met at the gate of the city a poor man almost naked, begging alms of them that passed by. Martin, seeing those that went before take no notice of this miserable creature . . . had nothing but his clothes. So drawing his sword, he cut his cloak into two pieces, gave one to the beg- gar and wrapped himself in the other half.” That night Martin saw a vision of Christ “dressed in that half of the garment he had given away” and decided to enter into the religious life. He eventually became bishop of Tours and was credited with many cures and miracles. After his death in about a.d. 400, Martin became patron saint of the Frankish kings, who preserved the remaining half of his cloak, or cappella, as a relic. It was en- shrined in a chest in “a special sanctuary,” which also came to be known as a cappella, and the soldiers who watched over it, or carried it into battle and from place to place, were called cap- pellani. These two words, in French chapelle and chapelain, are the source of the English chapel and chaplain, the former deriv- ing initially from St. Martin’s cape and the latter from the sol- diers who guarded it in its sanctuary.

词汇	chapel
词源	chapel; chaplain. St. Martin of Tours converted to Christian- ity as a young pagan soldier in the Roman army under Con- stantine. According to Butler’s Lives of the Saints, “In a very hard winter, during a severe frost, he met at the gate of the city a poor man almost naked, begging alms of them that passed by. Martin, seeing those that went before take no notice of this miserable creature . . . had nothing but his clothes. So drawing his sword, he cut his cloak into two pieces, gave one to the beg- gar and wrapped himself in the other half.” That night Martin saw a vision of Christ “dressed in that half of the garment he had given away” and decided to enter into the religious life. He eventually became bishop of Tours and was credited with many cures and miracles. After his death in about a.d. 400, Martin became patron saint of the Frankish kings, who preserved the remaining half of his cloak, or cappella, as a relic. It was en- shrined in a chest in “a special sanctuary,” which also came to be known as a cappella, and the soldiers who watched over it, or carried it into battle and from place to place, were called cap- pellani. These two words, in French chapelle and chapelain, are the source of the English chapel and chaplain, the former deriv- ing initially from St. Martin’s cape and the latter from the sol- diers who guarded it in its sanctuary.
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