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Henry rifle. The Henry rifle has been called the grandfather of repeating arms. Invented by Benjamin Tyler Henry (1821– 98), one of the Henry family of gunsmiths, the weapon was tested under fire by Union forces in the Civil War. The breech- loading, lever-action rifle never became popular as a military weapon but saw some use on the frontier and is featured in many a western. Henry may also have worked on the Martini- Henry rifle adopted by the British army in 1889. This was basi- cally an improvement on the Martini, invented by Swiss me- chanical engineer Frederic de Martini (1832–97), but another Henry, a Scottish gunsmith, possibly deserves the credit for it. |