词汇 | greek |
词源 | Greek. The Greeks are the subject of many proverbs still heard. Beware of Greeks bearing gifts dates to a line in Virgil, “I fear the Greeks especially when they bring gifts,” and refers to the fabled wooden horse containing soldiers that the Greeks gave to the Trojans. Greek trust was to the Romans no trust at all; and when Greek meets Greek then comes the tug of war com- memorates the resistance of the ancient Greek cities to the Macedonian kings Philip and Alexander the Great. Putting something off until the Greek calends is to never do it, for the Greeks, unlike the Romans, had no term like “calends” for the first days of their months. To play the Greek is to live a luxuri- ous life, while the modern expression when Greek meets Greek, they open a restaurant at least admits that Greeks are enterpris- ing. Then there’s it’s all Greek to me; and the slang term Grecian bend, a posture bent forward from the waist much affected in the late 19th century; and the straight-lined Grecian profile, among other expressions. To many, Grecian itself is the term “for all civilized and subtle thoughts and feelings,” the Grecians “swelling o’er with arts,” as Shakespeare wrote. Lastly, there’s Greek fire, the mysterious ancient naval weapon that burned when wet and was so effective against wooden ships from a.d. 700 to 900, which is said to have been invented by the Greek Callimachus. No one knows its constituents, but it is thought to have been composed of sulphur, naphtha, and pitch. Water helped Greek fire spread and it could be extinguished only with wine. |
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