词汇 | maginot line |
词源 | Maginot line. André Maginot (1877–1932) barely escaped with his life in World War I when he was severely wounded during the defense of Verdun, but it was contaminated oysters that finally caused his death from typhoid. Decorated with the Cross of the Legion of Honor and the Médaille Militaire, the former sergeant, who had enlisted as a private despite the fact that he was French undersecretary of war in 1913, returned to government service and eventually became minister of defense. Determined that France would never be invaded again, he and his generals proceeded to plan and have built a fortified wall along the eastern border from Switzerland to Belgium, a wall that extended 314 kilometers at $2 million per mile. The Magi- not line, complete with self-sufficient forts dug seven floors deep into the earth, was meant to warn against surprise attacks from Germany in Alsace and Lorraine, but only engendered a false sense of security in France (which became known as the Maginot mentality), even though the wall was never extended to the coast. Maginot’s death spared him from seeing his de- fenses easily bypassed by the Germans in World War II when they entered France through Belgium. The line’s impregnability was never tested, but it could easily have been blasted by bombs, battered by tanks, or circumvented by paratroopers if it had been finished. The fault lay not so much with Maginot as with a war-weary country almost wanting to be lulled into a sense of false security. See siegfried line. |
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