英语词汇river styx的起源、历史背景-英语词源词典

river Styx; stygian. In Greek mythology the river Styx is the principal of the nine rivers of the underworld (Hades), over which Charon ferried the souls of the dead to Elysium for a small fee (the reason for the old custom of burying the dead with a coin called “Charon’s toll” in their mouths). Styx is the name of an actual river that falls down a high cliff on Mount Aroanuis (modern Chelmos) in what was ancient Arcadia. Its waters were said to be poisonous, dissolving any ship trying to sail them. The name Styx comes from the Greek Styx, “the ab- horrent,” which derives from stugnos, “hateful, gloomy.” Men swore solemn oaths on the supposedly poisonous waters of the actual Styx and believed that the gods themselves swore oaths on the legendary Styx; those who swore falsely were forced to drink of its waters, which made offenders speechless for a year. I can find no example of a phrase like drink of the Styx being applied to any liar, but the word stygian, “hellish, infernal, dark, gloomy,” comes from the name of this river, called by poet John Milton “the flood of deadly hate.”

词汇	river styx
词源	river Styx; stygian. In Greek mythology the river Styx is the principal of the nine rivers of the underworld (Hades), over which Charon ferried the souls of the dead to Elysium for a small fee (the reason for the old custom of burying the dead with a coin called “Charon’s toll” in their mouths). Styx is the name of an actual river that falls down a high cliff on Mount Aroanuis (modern Chelmos) in what was ancient Arcadia. Its waters were said to be poisonous, dissolving any ship trying to sail them. The name Styx comes from the Greek Styx, “the ab- horrent,” which derives from stugnos, “hateful, gloomy.” Men swore solemn oaths on the supposedly poisonous waters of the actual Styx and believed that the gods themselves swore oaths on the legendary Styx; those who swore falsely were forced to drink of its waters, which made offenders speechless for a year. I can find no example of a phrase like drink of the Styx being applied to any liar, but the word stygian, “hellish, infernal, dark, gloomy,” comes from the name of this river, called by poet John Milton “the flood of deadly hate.”
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