词汇 | jungian |
词源 | Jungian. Jungian psychology differs from freudian essen- tially in that it maintains that the libido, or energy, derives not from sexual instinct but from the will to live. Carl Gustav Jung (1875–1961), an early disciple of Freud, broke with the master over what he considered an excessive emphasis on sex as a cause of neurotic disorders and a regulator of human conduct. He became a world-renowned figure, postulating the existence of two unconscious influences on the mind—the personal un- conscious, containing an individual’s own experience, and the collective or racial unconscious, holding the accumulated memories of generations past. The Swiss psychiatrist divided mankind into introverts and extroverts, using those or similar terms for the first time. Among many other innovations, he in- vented the word-association test. |
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