rarefy (v.)
14世纪晚期, rarefien,“使变薄,减少密度”,源自于14世纪的古法语 rarefier,直接源自于中世纪拉丁语 rarificare,源自于拉丁语 rarefacere,“使变薄,使稀疏”,由 rarus “稀疏,薄”(见 rare(adj.1))和 facere “制造”(源自于 PIE 根 *dhe- “设置,放置”)组成。不及物动词的意思是“变得不那么密集”,始于1650年代。相关词汇: Rarefied; rarefiable。
rarefy 的相关词汇
*dhē-,原始印欧词根,意为“设定,放置”。
它构成以下词汇的全部或部分: abdomen; abscond; affair; affect(第一动词)“在心中留下印象”; affect(第二动词)“假装”; affection; amplify; anathema; antithesis; apothecary; artifact; artifice; beatific; benefice; beneficence; beneficial; benefit; bibliothec; bodega; boutique; certify; chafe; chauffeur; comfit; condiment; confection; confetti; counterfeit; deed; deem; deface; defeasance; defeat; defect; deficient; difficulty; dignify; discomfit; do(动词); doom; -dom; duma; edifice; edify; efface; effect; efficacious; efficient; epithet; facade; face; facet; facial; -facient; facile; facilitate; facsimile; fact; faction(名词1)“政党”; -faction; factitious; factitive; factor; factory; factotum; faculty; fashion; feasible; feat; feature; feckless; fetish; -fic; fordo; forfeit; -fy; gratify; hacienda; hypothecate; hypothesis; incondite; indeed; infect; justify; malefactor; malfeasance; manufacture; metathesis; misfeasance; modify; mollify; multifarious; notify; nullify; office; officinal; omnifarious; orifice; parenthesis; perfect; petrify; pluperfect; pontifex; prefect; prima facie; proficient; profit; prosthesis; prothesis; purdah; putrefy; qualify; rarefy; recondite; rectify; refectory; sacrifice; salmagundi; samadhi; satisfy; sconce; suffice; sufficient; surface; surfeit; synthesis; tay; ticking(名词); theco-; thematic; theme; thesis; verify。
它是以下词汇的假定来源/其存在的证据为:梵语 dadhati “放置,安排”; 阿维斯塔语 dadaiti “他放置”; 古波斯语 ada “他制造”; 赫梯语 dai- “放置”; 希腊语 tithenai “放置,设置,安置”; 拉丁语 facere “做,干; 执行; 带来”; 立陶宛语 dėti “放置”; 波兰语 dziać się “正在发生”; 俄语 delat' “做”; 古高地德语 tuon,德语 tun,古英语 don “做”。
“稀薄的,少量的,不寻常的”于14世纪晚期出现,“稀疏的,分散的,很少见的”于15世纪中期出现,指的是与 dense 相对的“稀薄,空气流通的,多孔的”; 源自14世纪的古法语 rer, rere “稀疏”,直接源自拉丁语 rarus “稀疏的,松散的; 不厚的; 有间隔的,充满空隙的”(densus 的反义词)。有时被重构为来自原始印欧语 *ere- “分离; 相邻”。
“粒子之间不紧密”,因此“数量少”,因此,“不寻常”。特别是“不寻常的好”于15世纪晚期(卡克斯顿)。“Rareness”的相关词汇: Rareness。在化学中, rare earth 出现于1818年。
Rare implies that only few of the kind exist : as, perfect diamonds are rare. Scarce properly implies a previous or usual condition of greater abundance. Rare means that there are much fewer of a kind to be found than may be found where scarce would apply. [Century Dictionary, 1895]
Rare 意味着只有少量的这种存在:例如,完美的钻石很少见。 Scarce 适当地意味着先前或通常存在更丰富的情况。 Rare 意味着某种类型的数量比 scarce 适用的数量要少得多。[世纪词典,1895]
- rarefaction
- rarify