purify (v.)
14世纪中叶, purifien,“使摆脱精神污染”,源自12世纪的古法语 purefier “净化,清洁,提炼”,源自拉丁语 purificare “使纯净”,源自 purus “纯净”(参见 pure)和 facere “制造”的组合形式(源自 PIE 根 *dhe- “设置,放置”)。意思是“摆脱杂质”,记录于14世纪晚期。相关词: Purified; purifying。
purify 的相关词汇
*dhē-,原始印欧词根,意为“设定,放置”。
它构成以下词汇的全部或部分: abdomen; abscond; affair; affect(第一动词)“在心中留下印象”; affect(第二动词)“假装”; affection; amplify; anathema; antithesis; apothecary; artifact; artifice; beatific; benefice; beneficence; beneficial; benefit; bibliothec; bodega; boutique; certify; chafe; chauffeur; comfit; condiment; confection; confetti; counterfeit; deed; deem; deface; defeasance; defeat; defect; deficient; difficulty; dignify; discomfit; do(动词); doom; -dom; duma; edifice; edify; efface; effect; efficacious; efficient; epithet; facade; face; facet; facial; -facient; facile; facilitate; facsimile; fact; faction(名词1)“政党”; -faction; factitious; factitive; factor; factory; factotum; faculty; fashion; feasible; feat; feature; feckless; fetish; -fic; fordo; forfeit; -fy; gratify; hacienda; hypothecate; hypothesis; incondite; indeed; infect; justify; malefactor; malfeasance; manufacture; metathesis; misfeasance; modify; mollify; multifarious; notify; nullify; office; officinal; omnifarious; orifice; parenthesis; perfect; petrify; pluperfect; pontifex; prefect; prima facie; proficient; profit; prosthesis; prothesis; purdah; putrefy; qualify; rarefy; recondite; rectify; refectory; sacrifice; salmagundi; samadhi; satisfy; sconce; suffice; sufficient; surface; surfeit; synthesis; tay; ticking(名词); theco-; thematic; theme; thesis; verify。
它是以下词汇的假定来源/其存在的证据为:梵语 dadhati “放置,安排”; 阿维斯塔语 dadaiti “他放置”; 古波斯语 ada “他制造”; 赫梯语 dai- “放置”; 希腊语 tithenai “放置,设置,安置”; 拉丁语 facere “做,干; 执行; 带来”; 立陶宛语 dėti “放置”; 波兰语 dziać się “正在发生”; 俄语 delat' “做”; 古高地德语 tuon,德语 tun,古英语 don “做”。
13世纪中期,用于黄金,意为“未合金化的”; 1300年左右,“未混合的,未掺杂的; 同质的”,也指“完全的,绝对的; 仅仅的,纯粹的”,还指“性纯洁的,处女的,贞洁的”(12世纪晚期作为姓氏,古英语中有“purlamb”即“没有瑕疵的小羊”),源自古法语“pur”即“纯粹的,简单的,绝对的,未合金的”,比喻意义为“简单的,纯粹的,仅仅的”(12世纪),源自拉丁语“purus”即“干净的,清澈的; 未混合的; 未装饰的; 贞洁的,未玷污的”。
据推测,这个词源于 PIE 词根 *peue-,意为“净化,清洗”(源自拉丁语“putus”即“清澈的,纯净的”; 梵语“pavate”即“净化,清洗”,“putah”即“纯净的”; 中古爱尔兰语“ur”即“新鲜的,新的”; 古高地德语“fowen”即“筛选”)。
它取代了古英语中的“hlutor”。指“没有道德败坏的”意义可追溯至14世纪中期。指血统纯正的意义可追溯至15世纪后期。在音乐中,“数学上完美的”意义可追溯至1872年。
- purification
- purifier