misfeasance (n.)
"滥用权力,错误行使合法权力或不当执行合法行为",来自1590年代的法语 mesfaisance,源自 mesfaisant 的现在分词,该词源自古法语 mesfaire “做错事”,源自 mes- “错误地”(见 mis-(2))和 faire “做”,源自拉丁语 facere “制造,做,执行”(源自 PIE 根 *dhe- “设置,放置”)。相关: Misfeasor。
misfeasance 的相关词汇
*dhē-,原始印欧词根,意为“设定,放置”。
它构成以下词汇的全部或部分: abdomen; abscond; affair; affect(第一动词)“在心中留下印象”; affect(第二动词)“假装”; affection; amplify; anathema; antithesis; apothecary; artifact; artifice; beatific; benefice; beneficence; beneficial; benefit; bibliothec; bodega; boutique; certify; chafe; chauffeur; comfit; condiment; confection; confetti; counterfeit; deed; deem; deface; defeasance; defeat; defect; deficient; difficulty; dignify; discomfit; do(动词); doom; -dom; duma; edifice; edify; efface; effect; efficacious; efficient; epithet; facade; face; facet; facial; -facient; facile; facilitate; facsimile; fact; faction(名词1)“政党”; -faction; factitious; factitive; factor; factory; factotum; faculty; fashion; feasible; feat; feature; feckless; fetish; -fic; fordo; forfeit; -fy; gratify; hacienda; hypothecate; hypothesis; incondite; indeed; infect; justify; malefactor; malfeasance; manufacture; metathesis; misfeasance; modify; mollify; multifarious; notify; nullify; office; officinal; omnifarious; orifice; parenthesis; perfect; petrify; pluperfect; pontifex; prefect; prima facie; proficient; profit; prosthesis; prothesis; purdah; putrefy; qualify; rarefy; recondite; rectify; refectory; sacrifice; salmagundi; samadhi; satisfy; sconce; suffice; sufficient; surface; surfeit; synthesis; tay; ticking(名词); theco-; thematic; theme; thesis; verify。
它是以下词汇的假定来源/其存在的证据为:梵语 dadhati “放置,安排”; 阿维斯塔语 dadaiti “他放置”; 古波斯语 ada “他制造”; 赫梯语 dai- “放置”; 希腊语 tithenai “放置,设置,安置”; 拉丁语 facere “做,干; 执行; 带来”; 立陶宛语 dėti “放置”; 波兰语 dziać się “正在发生”; 俄语 delat' “做”; 古高地德语 tuon,德语 tun,古英语 don “做”。
拉丁语词源中的词缀元素(在 mischief 、miscreant 、misadventure 、misnomer 等词中使用),源自古法语 mes-,意为“坏的,错误的”,源自通俗拉丁语 * minus-,源自拉丁语 minus “更少”(来自 PIE 词根 *mei-(2)“小”的后缀形式),在拉丁语中并未用作前缀,但在罗曼语中被附加到单词上作为贬义或否定元素。法语中的形式可能受到了古法语中 *miss- 的影响,后者是 mis-(1)的法兰克(日耳曼)形式。