hedonism (n.)

1828年用于哲学； 1844年用于“放纵”，源自希腊语 hēdone “快乐”（见 hedonist）+ -ism。

The doctrine of Aristippus and the Cyrenaic school of Greek philosophers, that the pleasure of the moment is the only possible end, that one kind of pleasure is not to be preferred to another, and that a man should in the interest of pleasure govern his pleasures and not be governed by them; hence, that ethical doctrine which regards pleasure or happiness as the highest good. ... Egoistic hedonism considers only the pleasure of the individual; altruistic hedonism takes into account that of others. [Century Dictionary]

阿里斯蒂普和希腊哲学家塞勒尼克学派的教义，即瞬间的快乐是唯一可能的目标，一种快乐不应优于另一种快乐，一个人应该在快乐的利益下管理他的快乐，而不是被他们所统治； 因此，将快乐或幸福视为最高善的伦理学说。... Egoistic hedonism 只考虑个人的快乐； altruistic hedonism 考虑到他人的快乐。[世纪词典]