versify (v.)
14世纪末,“组成诗歌,写诗歌,作诗”,源自古法语词汇 versifier “把…转化成韵文”(13世纪),来自拉丁语词汇 versificare “组成诗歌; 把…变成韵文”,由 facere “制造”(来自 PIE 词根 *dhe- “设置,放置”)的组合形式和 versus “韵文”(参见 verse )形成。英语中“把…转化成韵文”的及物意义始于1735年。相关词汇: Versified, versifying, versifier(14世纪中期)。
versify 的相关词汇
*dhē-,原始印欧词根,意为“设定,放置”。
它构成以下词汇的全部或部分: abdomen; abscond; affair; affect(第一动词)“在心中留下印象”; affect(第二动词)“假装”; affection; amplify; anathema; antithesis; apothecary; artifact; artifice; beatific; benefice; beneficence; beneficial; benefit; bibliothec; bodega; boutique; certify; chafe; chauffeur; comfit; condiment; confection; confetti; counterfeit; deed; deem; deface; defeasance; defeat; defect; deficient; difficulty; dignify; discomfit; do(动词); doom; -dom; duma; edifice; edify; efface; effect; efficacious; efficient; epithet; facade; face; facet; facial; -facient; facile; facilitate; facsimile; fact; faction(名词1)“政党”; -faction; factitious; factitive; factor; factory; factotum; faculty; fashion; feasible; feat; feature; feckless; fetish; -fic; fordo; forfeit; -fy; gratify; hacienda; hypothecate; hypothesis; incondite; indeed; infect; justify; malefactor; malfeasance; manufacture; metathesis; misfeasance; modify; mollify; multifarious; notify; nullify; office; officinal; omnifarious; orifice; parenthesis; perfect; petrify; pluperfect; pontifex; prefect; prima facie; proficient; profit; prosthesis; prothesis; purdah; putrefy; qualify; rarefy; recondite; rectify; refectory; sacrifice; salmagundi; samadhi; satisfy; sconce; suffice; sufficient; surface; surfeit; synthesis; tay; ticking(名词); theco-; thematic; theme; thesis; verify。
它是以下词汇的假定来源/其存在的证据为:梵语 dadhati “放置,安排”; 阿维斯塔语 dadaiti “他放置”; 古波斯语 ada “他制造”; 赫梯语 dai- “放置”; 希腊语 tithenai “放置,设置,安置”; 拉丁语 facere “做,干; 执行; 带来”; 立陶宛语 dėti “放置”; 波兰语 dziać się “正在发生”; 俄语 delat' “做”; 古高地德语 tuon,德语 tun,古英语 don “做”。
“晚期古英语”(替换了早期西日耳曼语中的 fers,它是直接从拉丁语中借来的),意为“诗篇或赞美诗的行或节”,后来指“诗行”(14世纪晚期),源自盎格鲁-法国语和古法语中的 vers,意为“诗行,韵律,歌曲”,源自拉丁语中的 versus,意为“一行,排,诗行,书写的笔画”,源自 PIE 词根 *wer-(2)“旋转,弯曲”。这种比喻是来自耕种,是指像犁夫一样从一排“转向”另一排(vertere =“转动”)。
英语新约圣经在日内瓦版(1550年代)中首次被完整地分为诗节。意思是“韵律作品”,可追溯到约公元1300年; 作为现代歌曲的不重复部分(在 chorus 的重复之间)的意思是1918年。
The Negroes say that in form their old songs usually consist in what they call "Chorus and Verses." The "chorus," a melodic refrain sung by all, opens the song; then follows a verse sung as a solo, in free recitative; the chorus is repeated; then another verse; chorus again;—and so on until the chorus, sung for the last time, ends the song. [Natalie Curtis-Burlin, "Negro Folk-Songs," 1918]
黑人说,他们的旧歌通常由所谓的“副歌和诗节”组成。 “合唱”,所有人一起唱的一段旋律型副歌,开头唱,然后是一个独唱的诗节,自由的独唱,接着重复副歌,然后是另一个诗节,再是副歌; 如此循环直到唱最后一个副歌结束这首歌曲。[娜塔莉·柯蒂斯-伯林,“黑人民间歌曲”,1918年]
大约1600年,源自拉丁语 versificationem(主格 versificatio),是 versificare(参见 versify)的过去分词词干的动作名词。