英语词汇janissary的起源、历史背景-英语词源词典

janissary. A collective bodyguard or household guard is called a janissary after the sultan of Turkey’s yeni-tshari, or “new army,” originally recruited by the Sultan Orchan in his reign from 1329–59. To strengthen the then feeble military, Orchan at first ordered every fifth Christian youth to be sur- rendered by his parents to the service of the sultan, given in- struction in Muhammadanism, and specially trained in the arts of warfare. The yenitshari, the word corrupted into the En- glish janissary in the process of passing through several lan- guages, became the flower of the newly independent kingdom’s standing army. Its reputation for courage and discipline was highly respected and the fur-capped corps received many privi- leges, soon making compulsory recruitment no longer neces- sary. But by the 19th century the “new army” numbered some 135,000 and had begun actively defying the government. In 1826 specially trained Muslim troops were employed to abolish them, and a brutal massacre that year resulted in the death of almost every janissary.

词汇	janissary
词源	janissary. A collective bodyguard or household guard is called a janissary after the sultan of Turkey’s yeni-tshari, or “new army,” originally recruited by the Sultan Orchan in his reign from 1329–59. To strengthen the then feeble military, Orchan at first ordered every fifth Christian youth to be sur- rendered by his parents to the service of the sultan, given in- struction in Muhammadanism, and specially trained in the arts of warfare. The yenitshari, the word corrupted into the En- glish janissary in the process of passing through several lan- guages, became the flower of the newly independent kingdom’s standing army. Its reputation for courage and discipline was highly respected and the fur-capped corps received many privi- leges, soon making compulsory recruitment no longer neces- sary. But by the 19th century the “new army” numbered some 135,000 and had begun actively defying the government. In 1826 specially trained Muslim troops were employed to abolish them, and a brutal massacre that year resulted in the death of almost every janissary.
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