英语词汇philistine的起源、历史背景-英语词源词典

Philistine. The original Philistines made their home in Phil- istia on the southwest coast of Palestine. These peoples were Israel’s worst enemy, even capturing the sacred ark at one time, until Saul and David, the first Israelite kings, decisively defeat- ed them in battle. They were considered a crude, avaricious people but their name did not come into the language until centuries later, in 1689. At that time a town-and-gown battle in the German university city of Jena had resulted in the death of several people, and a local preacher gave a sermon on the values of education to the ignorant townspeople, choosing as his text “The Philistines be upon thee . . .” from Judges 16. The German word for Philistine was Philister and students began calling ignorant townspeople opposed to education by this name. Almost two centuries later, in 1869, English poet and critic Matthew Arnold used the German slang in his book Culture and Anarchy, translating it from Philister to Philistine and giving the word its present meaning. Wrote Arnold: “The people who believe most that our greatness and welfare are proved by our being very rich, are just the very people whom we call Philistines.” Since then Philistine has meant a material- istic, uncultured person.

词汇	philistine
词源	Philistine. The original Philistines made their home in Phil- istia on the southwest coast of Palestine. These peoples were Israel’s worst enemy, even capturing the sacred ark at one time, until Saul and David, the first Israelite kings, decisively defeat- ed them in battle. They were considered a crude, avaricious people but their name did not come into the language until centuries later, in 1689. At that time a town-and-gown battle in the German university city of Jena had resulted in the death of several people, and a local preacher gave a sermon on the values of education to the ignorant townspeople, choosing as his text “The Philistines be upon thee . . .” from Judges 16. The German word for Philistine was Philister and students began calling ignorant townspeople opposed to education by this name. Almost two centuries later, in 1869, English poet and critic Matthew Arnold used the German slang in his book Culture and Anarchy, translating it from Philister to Philistine and giving the word its present meaning. Wrote Arnold: “The people who believe most that our greatness and welfare are proved by our being very rich, are just the very people whom we call Philistines.” Since then Philistine has meant a material- istic, uncultured person.
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