| 词源 |
philippic. Incomparable orator that he was, Demosthenes’ eloquent words could not triumph over the military might of Philip of Macedon (382–336 b.c.). Eventually, Philip II, father of Alexander the Great, defeated the Athenians, imposing a very generous peace settlement on them so that he could em- ploy them as allies in his future plans for conquest. But Dem- osthenes had made such brilliant denunciatory orations against Philip over a period of seven years that these speeches are still known in history as philippics. The philippics were specifically a series of three passionate invectives against the Macedonian monarch’s plan to weld Athens into his kingdom and they com- prised a great defense of Athenian liberty, taking their name from the target of their fire. |