英语词汇bug的起源、历史背景-英语词源词典

bug; insect. The word bug originally had nothing to do with insects, possibly deriving from the Welsh bwg, “a specter or a ghost.” How bug came to mean insect (insect is short for the Latin animal insectum, an “animal notched near the middle”) no one knows, but perhaps the beetles and other insects first called bugs terrified some people, suggesting supernatural crea- tures. Another possible source is the West African word baga- baga, “insect,” which the English may have encountered in the slave trade. Bug is first recorded in 1642. Some etymologists trace the bug in “don’t bug me” to the West African bugu, “an- noy.” This may be so, but if the term did come to America with slavery, there should be earlier references to it than we have, bug only being recorded in this sense since the early 1950s. Bug for “annoy” may also have derived in some roundabout way from one of the many other slang uses of bug, including an ob- sessed person, a trick, or even bugging a person’s telephone calls surreptitiously. It could also derive from bugger for sod- omy, or from bogey . Bug in the sense of a defect (“This new model car has a lot of bugs in it”) does not derive from the moths that supposedly plagued the first U.S. experimental computers in the 1940s, as the old story goes. Used long before then, bug is most likely a form of bogey, in this case, “a real thing that causes worry.” The bug used to wiretap a telephone or a room may have its origin in bogey, being “a device that causes worry, even terror.” But the term has its origins in the underworld and could be a shortened form of burglar alarm— back in the ’20s advertisements used to say that premises pro- tected with burglar alarms were bugged. In racing terminology, a bug means the weight allowance granted to a horse because the jockey riding him is an apprentice; the apprentice jockey himself is also called a bug. This term comes from the asterisk appearing on racing forms next to the weight of a horse granted such an allowance. In printing jargon an asterisk, being small, was called a bug, and the term was adopted by horseplayers.

词汇	bug
词源	bug; insect. The word bug originally had nothing to do with insects, possibly deriving from the Welsh bwg, “a specter or a ghost.” How bug came to mean insect (insect is short for the Latin animal insectum, an “animal notched near the middle”) no one knows, but perhaps the beetles and other insects first called bugs terrified some people, suggesting supernatural crea- tures. Another possible source is the West African word baga- baga, “insect,” which the English may have encountered in the slave trade. Bug is first recorded in 1642. Some etymologists trace the bug in “don’t bug me” to the West African bugu, “an- noy.” This may be so, but if the term did come to America with slavery, there should be earlier references to it than we have, bug only being recorded in this sense since the early 1950s. Bug for “annoy” may also have derived in some roundabout way from one of the many other slang uses of bug, including an ob- sessed person, a trick, or even bugging a person’s telephone calls surreptitiously. It could also derive from bugger for sod- omy, or from bogey . Bug in the sense of a defect (“This new model car has a lot of bugs in it”) does not derive from the moths that supposedly plagued the first U.S. experimental computers in the 1940s, as the old story goes. Used long before then, bug is most likely a form of bogey, in this case, “a real thing that causes worry.” The bug used to wiretap a telephone or a room may have its origin in bogey, being “a device that causes worry, even terror.” But the term has its origins in the underworld and could be a shortened form of burglar alarm— back in the ’20s advertisements used to say that premises pro- tected with burglar alarms were bugged. In racing terminology, a bug means the weight allowance granted to a horse because the jockey riding him is an apprentice; the apprentice jockey himself is also called a bug. This term comes from the asterisk appearing on racing forms next to the weight of a horse granted such an allowance. In printing jargon an asterisk, being small, was called a bug, and the term was adopted by horseplayers.
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