英语词汇braille的起源、历史背景-英语词源词典

braille. When only three years old, Louis Braille was blinded by an awl driven into his eye while he was playing in his father’s leather-working shop. Total blindness extended to both eyes, but young Louis attended the village school in Coupvray outside of Paris, where he learned his alphabet by feeling twigs in the shape of letters, and then the Institution Na- tionale des Jeunes Aveugles, where he learned to read from three huge 400-pound books engraved with large embossed letters. This last method had been invented by Valentin Hauy, Father and Apostle of the Blind, the Institute’s founder, but it could not be easily written by the blind and was thus inadequate. At about the time that Louis Braille was made a junior instructor at the Institute, French army officer Captain Charles Barbier introduced his “night writing,” a system of 12 raised dots and dashes that fingers could “read,” enabling brief orders like one dot for advance, or two dots for retreat to be written with a sim- ple instrument and understood in total darkness. Barbier dem- onstrated his invention at the Institute and it fired young Braille’s imagination. When only 15 he began work on the im- proved system that bears his name. Louis Braille, highly re- garded as an organist and composer in his own right, also in- vented a braille musical notation, but braille was not officially adopted at the Institute where he taught until 1854, two years after his death. Tradition has it that a blind organist performing at a fashionable salon told her audience that she owed every- thing to Louis Braille, who had died unheralded of tuberculosis in 1852 when only 42 years old, and that her touching story fi- nally led to universal recognition of his system.

词汇	braille
词源	braille. When only three years old, Louis Braille was blinded by an awl driven into his eye while he was playing in his father’s leather-working shop. Total blindness extended to both eyes, but young Louis attended the village school in Coupvray outside of Paris, where he learned his alphabet by feeling twigs in the shape of letters, and then the Institution Na- tionale des Jeunes Aveugles, where he learned to read from three huge 400-pound books engraved with large embossed letters. This last method had been invented by Valentin Hauy, Father and Apostle of the Blind, the Institute’s founder, but it could not be easily written by the blind and was thus inadequate. At about the time that Louis Braille was made a junior instructor at the Institute, French army officer Captain Charles Barbier introduced his “night writing,” a system of 12 raised dots and dashes that fingers could “read,” enabling brief orders like one dot for advance, or two dots for retreat to be written with a sim- ple instrument and understood in total darkness. Barbier dem- onstrated his invention at the Institute and it fired young Braille’s imagination. When only 15 he began work on the im- proved system that bears his name. Louis Braille, highly re- garded as an organist and composer in his own right, also in- vented a braille musical notation, but braille was not officially adopted at the Institute where he taught until 1854, two years after his death. Tradition has it that a blind organist performing at a fashionable salon told her audience that she owed every- thing to Louis Braille, who had died unheralded of tuberculosis in 1852 when only 42 years old, and that her touching story fi- nally led to universal recognition of his system.
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