英语词汇neanderthal的起源、历史背景-英语词源词典

Neanderthal; Neandertal. This is among the most ironic of etymologies. It is seldom noted (no English dictionary records the derivation) that Neanderthal, for “a primitive backward person,” is named after a gentle poet—and a learned, pious churchman to boot! The early forms of Homo sapiens called Neanderthals were so named because the first skeletons of them recognized as a distinct group of archaic humans was found in the Neander Valley (the Neander Thal) near Dusseldorf, Ger- many in 1856. But the Neander Valley had been named for the German poet and hymn writer Joachim C. Neander (1650–80), a schoolmaster who wrote the beautiful hymn on the glory of God in creation, “Lo Heaven and Earth and Sea and Air!” There is further irony in the fact that the poet’s great-grandfather’s name had been Neuman, the great-grandfather changing this to Neander in the 16th century at a time when Germany was undergoing a rebirth of learning and many were translating their names into Greek. Thus, traced to its ultimate source, Ne- anderthal, which today means a primitive and brutal man, translates as “the man from the valley of the new man [the man of the future]”!

词汇	neanderthal
词源	Neanderthal; Neandertal. This is among the most ironic of etymologies. It is seldom noted (no English dictionary records the derivation) that Neanderthal, for “a primitive backward person,” is named after a gentle poet—and a learned, pious churchman to boot! The early forms of Homo sapiens called Neanderthals were so named because the first skeletons of them recognized as a distinct group of archaic humans was found in the Neander Valley (the Neander Thal) near Dusseldorf, Ger- many in 1856. But the Neander Valley had been named for the German poet and hymn writer Joachim C. Neander (1650–80), a schoolmaster who wrote the beautiful hymn on the glory of God in creation, “Lo Heaven and Earth and Sea and Air!” There is further irony in the fact that the poet’s great-grandfather’s name had been Neuman, the great-grandfather changing this to Neander in the 16th century at a time when Germany was undergoing a rebirth of learning and many were translating their names into Greek. Thus, traced to its ultimate source, Ne- anderthal, which today means a primitive and brutal man, translates as “the man from the valley of the new man [the man of the future]”!
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