英语词汇stream of consciousness的起源、历史背景-英语词源词典

stream of consciousness. William James coined the name of this common term in his Principles of Psychology (1890), but the literary technique itself appears to date back at least to Lau- rence Sterne’s Tristram Shandy (1759–69). The technique, a de- velopment of realism, seeks to express the multitude of thoughts and feelings that flow through a character’s mind, these ideas and sensations often revealed without regard for logical se- quences or syntax. Another name for it is interior monologue. The French novelist Édouard Dujardin (1861–1940) was the first to perfect the technique (calling it interior monologue) in Les Lauriers sont coupés (1888) and James Joyce credited him with pioneering the method, which marked a revolution in the form of the novel and soon was no longer regarded as avant- garde. Others besides Joyce who experimented with stream of consciousness include Arestino, Diderot, Edgar Allan Poe (“The Tell-Tale Heart”), Marcel Proust (À la recherche du temps perdu, 1913–27), Virginia Woolf (Mrs. Dalloway, 1925), Dor- othy Richardson (Pilgrimage, 1915–38), and William Faulkner (The Sound and the Fury, 1931). Cases have been made for Herman Melville and Henry James as well. But Joyce’s name is most associated with the technique because of the masterly 40- odd-page interior monologue of Molly Bloom in his novel Ulysses (1922, but written much earlier), which has just one punctuation mark. Earlier Joyce had used the technique in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916). Today the tech- nique has become pervasive and has been practiced by writers ranging from Ernest Hemingway to Eugene O’Neill. See CENSORSHIP; INTERIOR DESIGN; SOLILOQUY.

词汇	stream of consciousness
词源	stream of consciousness. William James coined the name of this common term in his Principles of Psychology (1890), but the literary technique itself appears to date back at least to Lau- rence Sterne’s Tristram Shandy (1759–69). The technique, a de- velopment of realism, seeks to express the multitude of thoughts and feelings that flow through a character’s mind, these ideas and sensations often revealed without regard for logical se- quences or syntax. Another name for it is interior monologue. The French novelist Édouard Dujardin (1861–1940) was the first to perfect the technique (calling it interior monologue) in Les Lauriers sont coupés (1888) and James Joyce credited him with pioneering the method, which marked a revolution in the form of the novel and soon was no longer regarded as avant- garde. Others besides Joyce who experimented with stream of consciousness include Arestino, Diderot, Edgar Allan Poe (“The Tell-Tale Heart”), Marcel Proust (À la recherche du temps perdu, 1913–27), Virginia Woolf (Mrs. Dalloway, 1925), Dor- othy Richardson (Pilgrimage, 1915–38), and William Faulkner (The Sound and the Fury, 1931). Cases have been made for Herman Melville and Henry James as well. But Joyce’s name is most associated with the technique because of the masterly 40- odd-page interior monologue of Molly Bloom in his novel Ulysses (1922, but written much earlier), which has just one punctuation mark. Earlier Joyce had used the technique in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916). Today the tech- nique has become pervasive and has been practiced by writers ranging from Ernest Hemingway to Eugene O’Neill. See CENSORSHIP; INTERIOR DESIGN; SOLILOQUY.
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