crenelate v.

also crenelle, "open space on an embattlement," mid-13c., carnel, kernel, from Old French crenel "a notch; embrasure" (12c., Modern French créneau), apparently a diminutive of cren "a notch," from Latin crena (see cranny).

verbal suffix for Latin verbs in -are, identical with -ate (1). Old English commonly made verbs from adjectives by adding a verbal ending to the word (such as gnornian "be sad, mourn," gnorn "sad, depressed"), but as the inflections wore off English words in late Old and early Middle English, there came to be no difference between the adjective and the verb in dry, empty, warm, etc. Thus accustomed to the identity of adjectival and verbal forms of a word, the English, when they began to expand their Latin-based vocabulary after c. 1500, simply made verbs from Latin past-participial adjectives without changing their form (such as aggravate, substantiate) and it became the custom that Latin verbs were Englished from their past participle stems.

"furnished with crenels," 1823, past-participle adjective from crenelate. The Middle English past-participle adjective was carneled.