logged (adj.)
约于1820年,指“降至 log 的状态”(n.1),这是老水手们用来形容无法行动的木制船只的俚语; 因此指“在水中不活动的”。
最早记录年份: c. 1820
logged 的相关词汇
log (n.1)
14世纪初,来源不明的未成形的大树。古诺尔斯语中有 lag “被砍倒的树”(来自 liggja 的词干,因此指“躺着的树”),但许多词源学家基于音韵学的原因否认这可以是英语 log 的词根。相反,他们认为这是一个独立的构词法,旨在“通过一个适当的声音来表达庞大的概念”[OED,它将其与原始中古英语意义上的 clog(n.)“一块木头”进行了比较]。
Log cabin(1770年)是美国南北战争前的历史上贫困人口的典型住所,位于当时是西部的木材丰富地区。自从1840年威廉·亨利·哈里森的总统竞选活动以来,它一直是诚实的先驱者的象征(最初的应用是嘲笑的,无论如何都是不准确的)。Falling off a log 作为一种容易做的事情的类型始于1839年。
waterlogged (adj.)
1759年(在“Universal Magazine”九月份的拉戈斯战役的描述中),源自 water(名词1)和 log(名词1); 显然的概念是“使其变得像木头一样”。参见 logged。
WATER LOGGED, the state of a ship when, by receiving a great quantity of water into her hold, by leaking, &c., she has become heavy and inactive upon the sea, so as to yield without resistance to the efforts of every wave rushing over her decks. As, in this dangerous situation, the center of gravity is no longer fixed, but fluctuating from place to place, the stability of the ship is utterly lost. She is therefore almost totally deprived of the use of her sails, which would operate to overset her, or press the head under water. Hence there is no resource for the crew, except to free her by the pumps, or to abandon her by the boats as soon as possible. [William Falconer, "An Universal Dictionary of the Marine," London, 1784]
水浸,指一艘船因为舱内进水过多而变得沉重和迟缓,以至于每一波冲过甲板时都毫无抵抗力。在这种危险的情况下,重心不再固定,而是从一个地方到另一个地方波动,船的稳定性完全丧失。因此,她几乎完全无法使用帆,因为帆会使她翻倒或头朝下沉入水中。因此,船员除了尽快用泵将其解救或放弃船只,别无选择。[威廉·法尔科纳,《海事通用词典》,伦敦,1784年]
动词 waterlog(1779年)似乎是一种反构词。