abandoned (adj.)
"自我奉献"于某种实践或目的(通常是邪恶的),14世纪晚期,过去分词形容词来自 abandon(动词)在反身意义上。因此,以一般方式,“无耻地邪恶”(1690年代)。意思是“被遗弃的,被抛弃的”来自15世纪晚期。
最早记录年份: late 14c.
abandoned 的相关词汇
abandon (v.)
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14世纪晚期,“彻底放弃(某事物),放弃控制,完全交出”; 也反身,“投降(自己),完全屈服(于宗教、通奸等)”,源自古法语 abandonner“投降,释放; 自由地给予,允许”,也反身,“献身”(12世纪)。
古法语单词由副词短语à bandon“任意地,随意地”形成,由à“在,到”(来自拉丁语 ad; 见 ad-)和 bandon“权力,管辖范围”组成,来自拉丁语 bannum,“公告”,源自法兰克或其他日耳曼语言中的词汇,来自原始日耳曼语* bannan-“宣布,召唤,放逐”(所有这些都是通过公告完成的); 见 ban(v.)。
Mettre sa forest à bandon was a feudal law phrase in the 13th cent. = mettre sa forêt à permission, i.e. to open it freely to any one for pasture or to cut wood in; hence the later sense of giving up one's rights for a time, letting go, leaving, abandoning. [Auguste Brachet, "An Etymological Dictionary of the French Language," transl. G.W. Kitchin, Oxford, 1878]
Mettre sa forest à bandon 是13世纪的封建法律短语= mettre sa forêt à permission,即自由地向任何人开放牧场或砍伐木材; 因此,后来的意义是暂时放弃自己的权利,放手,离开,放弃。[奥古斯特·布拉谢(Auguste Brachet),《法语词源词典》,G.W. Kitchin 译,牛津,1878年]
“离开,抛弃,遗弃(需要某人或某物)”的意思来自15世纪晚期。相关: Abandoned; abandoning。
从词源上讲,这个词带有“把(某物)置于他人控制之下”的意义,这个词最早出现在英语中是作为副词(13世纪中期),意思是“在(某人)的控制下”,因此也是“不受限制的”。
Again, as that which is placed at the absolute command of one party must by the same act be entirely given up by the original possessor, it was an easy step from the sense of conferring the command of a thing upon some particular person to that of renouncing all claim to authority over the subject matter, without particular reference to the party into whose hands it might come ; and thus in modern times the word has come to be used almost exclusively in the sense renunciation or desertion. [Hensleigh Wedgwood, "A Dictionary of English Etymology," 1859]
同样,由于将某物置于一方的绝对命令之下必然意味着原始持有者完全放弃对主题的权威主张,因此从将某物的命令授予某个特定人物的意义转向了放弃对主题的所有权威主张,而不特别涉及可能接手的一方; 因此,在现代,这个词几乎只用于放弃或背叛的意义。[亨斯利·韦奇伍德(Hensleigh Wedgwood),《英语词源词典》,1859年]