Duce (n.)
1923年,由意大利法西斯领袖贝尼托·墨索里尼(Benito Mussolini,1883-1945)所采用的头衔; 意大利语,字面意思为“领袖”,源自拉丁语 ducem,源自 PIE 词根 *deuk- “领导”。
duce 的相关词汇
原始印欧语根词,意为“领导”。
它构成或部分构成以下单词: abduce; abducent; abduct; abduction; adduce; aqueduct; circumduction; conduce; conducive; conduct; conductor; conduit; deduce; deduction; dock(n.1)“船位”; doge; douche; ducal; ducat; Duce; duchess; duchy; duct; ductile; duke(n.); educate; education; induce; induction; introduce; introduction; misconduct; produce; production; reduce; reduction; seduce; seduction; subduce; subduction; taut; team(n.); teem(v.1)“充满,蜂拥,繁殖”; tie(n.); tow(v.); traduce; transducer; tug; zugzwang。
它是假设的源头,其存在的证据由以下单词提供: dux(属格 ducis)“领袖,指挥官”,在晚期拉丁语中是“省长”, ducere “领导”; 古英语 togian “拉,拖”, teon “拉,拖”; 德语 Zaum “马笼头”, ziehen “拉,拖”; 中威尔士语 dygaf “我拉”。
1934年,源自 Führer und Reichskanzler,希特勒在1934年担任德国国家元首时所使用的头衔,源自德语 Führer "领袖",源自 führen "领导",源自中古高地德语 vüeren "领导,驱动",源自古高地德语 fuoren "发动,领导",是 faran "前往,旅行"的使役形式,源自原始日耳曼语 *faran- "前往",源自 PIE 词根 *per- (2) "领导,经过"。根据 OED 的说法,希特勒的头衔是以墨索里尼的 Duce 为蓝本。
A majority can never replace the individual. ... Just as a hundred fools do not make one wise man, a heroic decision is not likely to come from a hundred cowards. [Adolf Hitler, "Mein Kampf," 1933]
多数人永远无法取代个体。……就像一百个愚人不能造就一个智者,一个英勇的决定不太可能来自一百个懦夫。【阿道夫·希特勒, "Mein Kampf," 1933】