英语词汇bolshevik的起源、历史背景-英语词源词典

bolshevik; menshevik. Synonymous today for an agitator or radical reformer, bolshevik originally signified the left wing of the Russian Social Democratic Party, the designation evolving from a party congress in 1903 when the majority (Bolshevik), accepted the views of Vladimir Lenin. The vote was close (25–23), and behind the tactical issues involved lay great differences—such as the minority belief that revolution in Russia should be gradual in contrast to Lenin’s insistence that there be an immediate overthrow of the czarist regime. In 1917, the Bolsheviks again gained a small majority in the Socialist party congress, though not in Russia itself, and simultaneously overthrew the existing Russian government. Ironically, it was Lenin’s view that the Bolsheviks (the majori- ty party) should be composed of a small select minority rather than the masses. “Bolshie,” for an agitator, is simply a corruption of bolshevik. The Mensheviks (from the Russian menshevik) were the members of the minority in the Russian Socialist party, who favored a more gradual transition to communism.

词汇	bolshevik
词源	bolshevik; menshevik. Synonymous today for an agitator or radical reformer, bolshevik originally signified the left wing of the Russian Social Democratic Party, the designation evolving from a party congress in 1903 when the majority (Bolshevik), accepted the views of Vladimir Lenin. The vote was close (25–23), and behind the tactical issues involved lay great differences—such as the minority belief that revolution in Russia should be gradual in contrast to Lenin’s insistence that there be an immediate overthrow of the czarist regime. In 1917, the Bolsheviks again gained a small majority in the Socialist party congress, though not in Russia itself, and simultaneously overthrew the existing Russian government. Ironically, it was Lenin’s view that the Bolsheviks (the majori- ty party) should be composed of a small select minority rather than the masses. “Bolshie,” for an agitator, is simply a corruption of bolshevik. The Mensheviks (from the Russian menshevik) were the members of the minority in the Russian Socialist party, who favored a more gradual transition to communism.
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