英语词汇molotov cocktail的起源、历史背景-英语词源词典

Molotov cocktail. This “cocktail for Molotov” was so named by the Finns while fighting the Russians in 1940. The Russians were dropping bombs on Helsinki at the time, but Russian statesman Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov (1890–1986) claimed that they were only dropping food and drink to their comrades. This equation of food and drink with bombs quickly resulted in the black-humorous term Molotov breadbasket for an incendiary bomb and then Molotov cocktail for a gasoline- filled bottle with a slow burning wick that is ignited before the crude incendiary is thrown; when the bottle hits the ground it bursts and the ignited gasoline spreads over its target. The weapon had first been used by the Chinese against Japanese tanks in 1937. Molotov was Soviet premier at the time the Finns derisively named the “cocktail” after him. He had only the year before negotiated the infamous Russo-German nonaggression pact, which is sometimes called the Molotov- Ribbentrop pact but is best known as the Pact of Steel. Molo- tov, a communist from his early youth, changed his name from Skriabin to escape the Czarist police. (Molotov comes from molot, Russian for “hammer.”) He rose quickly in the party hi- erarchy, serving in many capacities. In 1940 the city of Perm was renamed Molotov in his honor, but the wily diplomat later fell into disfavor, being sharply attacked by Khrushchev at the 22nd Party Congress in 1961, and was expelled from the Com- munist Party, to which he was readmitted in 1984.

词汇	molotov cocktail
词源	Molotov cocktail. This “cocktail for Molotov” was so named by the Finns while fighting the Russians in 1940. The Russians were dropping bombs on Helsinki at the time, but Russian statesman Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov (1890–1986) claimed that they were only dropping food and drink to their comrades. This equation of food and drink with bombs quickly resulted in the black-humorous term Molotov breadbasket for an incendiary bomb and then Molotov cocktail for a gasoline- filled bottle with a slow burning wick that is ignited before the crude incendiary is thrown; when the bottle hits the ground it bursts and the ignited gasoline spreads over its target. The weapon had first been used by the Chinese against Japanese tanks in 1937. Molotov was Soviet premier at the time the Finns derisively named the “cocktail” after him. He had only the year before negotiated the infamous Russo-German nonaggression pact, which is sometimes called the Molotov- Ribbentrop pact but is best known as the Pact of Steel. Molo- tov, a communist from his early youth, changed his name from Skriabin to escape the Czarist police. (Molotov comes from molot, Russian for “hammer.”) He rose quickly in the party hi- erarchy, serving in many capacities. In 1940 the city of Perm was renamed Molotov in his honor, but the wily diplomat later fell into disfavor, being sharply attacked by Khrushchev at the 22nd Party Congress in 1961, and was expelled from the Com- munist Party, to which he was readmitted in 1984.
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