英语词汇nephritis的起源、历史背景-英语词源词典

词汇	nephritis
词源	nephritis n. "inflammation of the kidneys," 1570s, from Late Latin nephritis, from Greek nephritis "disease of the kidneys," from nephros "kidney" (see nephro-) + -itis "inflammation." The earlier word was nefresis (late 14c.), and nefretik (modern nephritic) "affected by a disease of the kidneys" (from Medieval Latin nephreticus) also is from late 14c. Entries linking to nephritis nephro- before vowels nephr-, word-forming element meaning "kidney, kidneys," from Greek nephros "a kidney" (plural nephroi), from PIE *negwhro- "kidney" (source also of Latin nefrones, Old Norse nyra, Dutch nier, German Niere "kidney"). -itis word-forming element in medicine denoting "diseases characterized by inflammation" (of the specified part), Modern Latin, from Greek -itis, feminine of adjectival suffix -ites "pertaining to." Feminine because it was used with an implied nosos "disease," a feminine noun; especially in arthritis (nosos) "(disease) of the joints." Arthritis (16c.) was one of the earliest appearances of the suffix in English and from it the suffix was abstracted in other uses. updated on May 20, 2019
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nephritis n.