英语词汇dam的起源、历史背景-英语词源词典

词汇	dam
词源	dam n.1 "barrier across a stream of water to obstruct its flow and raise its level," c. 1400 (early 13c. in surnames), probably from Old Norse dammr or Middle Dutch dam, both from Proto-Germanic dammaz (source also of Old Frisian damm, German Damm), which is of unknown origin. Also perhaps in part from or reinforced by Old English verb fordemman "to stop up, block." dam n.2 "animal mother, female parent of a quadruped," mid-15c., damme, variant of dame "lady, mother" (q.v.), which is attested from early 14c. in this secondary sense. The two forms were somewhat interchangeable in Middle English, but the meanings diverged into separate spellings by 16c., and any use of dam for women since then has been slighting. dam v. "obstruct or restrain a flow by means of a dam," c. 1400, from dam (n.1). Related: Dammed; damming. Entries linking to dam* dame n. c. 1200, "a mother," also "a woman of rank or high social position; superior of a convent," and an address for a woman of rank or position, used respectfully to other ladies, from Old French dame "lady, mistress, wife," from Late Latin domna, from Latin domina "lady, mistress of the house," from Latin domus "house" (from PIE root *dem- "house, household"). From early 14c. as "a woman" in general, particularly a mature or married woman or the mistress of a household. Used in Middle English with personifications (Study, Avarice, Fortune, Richesse, Nature, Misericordie). In later use the legal title for the wife of a knight or baronet. Slang sense of "woman" in the broadest sense, without regard to rank or anything else, is attested by 1902 in American English. We got sunlight on the sand We got moonlight on the sea We got mangoes and bananas You can pick right off the tree We got volleyball and ping-pong And a lot of dandy games! What ain't we got? We ain't got dames! [Richard Rodgers, "There Is Nothin' Like a Dame," 1949] Amsterdam principal city of the Netherlands; the name is a reference to the dam (see dam (n.1)) built on the Amstel river. The river name is said to be from Germanic elements ama "current" and stelle "place." Prevalence of dam in Dutch place names (Rotterdam, Edam, etc.) reflects the geography of Holland. In rhyming slang, "ram" (e.g. for one who "butts in" a queue). dame (n.)Amsterdammill-dam (n.)sire (n.) updated on June 25, 2018
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dam n.1

Entries linking to dam