"establishment for preserving meats, fish, fruits, etc. in airtight cans," 1872, from can (v.2) + -ery.
Entries linking to cannery
can v.2
"put up in cans," 1860, from can (n.1), especially "put up in a sealed container for preservation." The sense of "fire an employee" is from 1905. Related: Canned; canning.
-ery
word-forming element making nouns meaning "place for, art of, condition of, quantity of," from Middle English -erie, from Latin -arius (see -ary). Also sometimes in modern colloquial use "the collectivity of" or "an example of."