英语词汇atman的起源、历史背景-英语词源词典

词汇	atman
词源	atman n. in Hindu philosophy, the self or soul, 1785, from Sanskrit atma "essence, breath, soul," from PIE etmen "breath" (a root found in Sanskrit and Germanic; source also of Old English æðm, Dutch adem, Old High German atum "breath," Old English eþian, Dutch ademen "to breathe"). Entries linking to atman* atmo- word-forming element meaning "vapor," from Greek atmos "vapor, steam," which is of uncertain origin. Watkins has it from PIE awet-mo-, from root wet- (1) "to blow" (also "to inspire, spiritually arouse;" see wood (adj.)). Beekes says it is not considered to be related to the source of atman. mahatma n. title applied to an adept in Brahmanism, literally "great-souled," from Sanskrit mahatman, from maha "great" (from PIE root *meg- "great") + atman, "soul, principle of life," properly "breath" (see atman). In esoteric Buddhism, "a person of supernatural powers." In common use, as a title, a mark of love and respect. Said to have been applied to Gandhi (1869-1948) in 1915, perhaps by poet Rabrindranath Tagore. The earliest use of the word in English, however, is among the theosophists, who applied it to certain imaginary beings with preternatural powers (1884). updated on February 26, 2017
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atman n.