英语词汇there的起源、历史背景-英语词源词典

词汇	there
词源	there adv., conj. Old English þær "in or at that place, so far as, provided that, in that respect," from Proto-Germanic thær (source also of Old Saxon thar, Old Frisian ther, Middle Low German dar, Middle Dutch daer, Dutch daar, Old High German dar, German da, Gothic þar, Old Norse þar), from PIE tar- "there" (source also of Sanskrit tar-hi "then"), from root to- (see the) + adverbial suffix -r. Interjectional use is recorded from 1530s, used variously to emphasize certainty, encouragement, or consolation. To have been there "had previous experience of some activity" is recorded from 1877. Entries linking to there* the definite article, late Old English þe, nominative masculine form of the demonstrative pronoun and adjective. After c.950, it replaced earlier se (masc.), seo (fem.), þæt (neuter), and probably represents se altered by the th- form which was used in all the masculine oblique cases. Old English se is from PIE root *so- "this, that" (source also of Sanskrit sa, Avestan ha, Greek ho, he "the," Irish and Gaelic so "this"). For the þ- forms, see that. The s- forms were entirely superseded in English by mid-13c., excepting a slightly longer dialectal survival in Kent. Old English used 10 different words for "the," but did not distinguish "the" from "that." That survived for a time as a definite article before vowels (that one or that other). Adverbial use in the more the merrier, the sooner the better, etc. is a relic of Old English þy, the instrumentive case of the neuter demonstrative (see that). thar now representing dialectal pronunciation of there; in literary use in Middle English. thetharthereabouts (adv.)thereafter (adv.)thereby (adv.)therefor (adv.)therefore (adv.)therefrom (adv.)therein (adv.)thereof (adv.)thereon (adv.)thereto (adv.)thereunder (adv.)thereupon (adv.)therewith (adv.) updated on January 28, 2014
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there adv., conj.

Entries linking to there