英语词汇stupid的起源、历史背景-英语词源词典

词汇	stupid
词源	stupid adj. 1540s, "mentally slow, lacking ordinary activity of mind, dull, inane," from French stupide (16c.) and directly from Latin stupidus "amazed, confounded; dull, foolish," literally "struck senseless," from stupere "be stunned, amazed, confounded," from PIE stupe- "hit," from root (s)teu- (1) "to push, stick, knock, beat" (see steep (adj.)). Related: Stupidly; stupidness. Native words for this idea include negative compounds with words for "wise" (Old English unwis, unsnotor, ungleaw), also dol (see dull (adj.)), and dysig (see dizzy (adj.)). Stupid retained its association with stupor and its overtones of "stunned by surprise, grief, etc." into mid-18c. The difference between stupid and the less opprobrious foolish roughly parallels that of German töricht vs. dumm but does not exist in most European languages. Men are born ignorant, not stupid; they are made stupid by education. [Bertrand Russell, paraphrasing Helvétius] Entries linking to stupid steep adj. "having a sharp slope," Old English steap "high, lofty; deep; prominent, projecting," from Proto-Germanic staupa- (source also of Old Frisian stap "high, lofty," Middle High German stouf), from PIE steup-, extended form of root (s)teu- (1) "to push, stick, knock, beat," with derivations referring to projecting objects (source also of Greek typtein "to strike," typos "a blow, mold, die;" Sanskrit tup- "harm," tundate "pushes, stabs;" Gothic stautan "push;" Old Norse stuttr "short"). The sense of "precipitous" is from c. 1200. The slang sense "at a high price" is a U.S. coinage first attested 1856. Related: Steeply; steepness. The noun meaning "steep place" is from 1550s. dull adj. c. 1200, "stupid, slow of understanding, not quick in perception;" also, of points or edges, "blunt, not sharp;" apparently from Old English dol "dull-witted, foolish," or an unrecorded parallel word, or from Middle Low German dul "foolish, reckless," both from Proto-Germanic dulaz (source also of Old Frisian dol "reckless," Middle Dutch dol, dul "stupid, foolish, crazy," Old Saxon dol, Old High German tol "foolish, dull," German toll "mad, wild," Gothic dwals "foolish"). This sometimes is conjectured to be from PIE dhul-, from root dheu- (1) "dust, vapor, smoke," which also produced words for "defective perception or wits, turbidity of the mind" (compare Greek tholos "mud dirt," Old Irish dall "blind"). Dull.* Ineffective for the purpose aimed at, wanting in life. A dull edge is one that will not cut ; a dull understanding, does not readily apprehend ; a dull day is wanting in light, the element which constitutes its life ; dull of sight or of hearing is ineffective in respect of those faculties. [Wedgwood] From late 12c. as a surname. Rare before mid-14c. Of color "not bright or clear," from early 15c.; of pain or other sensations, "not sharp or intense," from 1725. Sense of "not pleasing or enlivening, uninteresting, tedious" is from c. 1400. Related: Dullness. dull. (8) Not exhilarating; not delightful; as to make dictionaries is dull work. [Johnson] steep (adj.)dull (adj.)dizzy (adj.)stupor (n.)foolish (adj.)masturbation (n.)rape (v.)stupe (n.)stupefy (v.)stupendous (adj.)stupidity (n.) updated on July 04, 2022
随便看	ritz ritzy rival rivalrous rivalry rive riven river river-bank river-bottom riverine riverman riverrun riverside rivet riveter riveting riviera rivulet rna roach road roadblock roadhouse roadie

英语词源词典收录了45867条英语词源词条，基本涵盖了全部常用英语词汇的起源、历史，是研究英语词汇或通过词源学英语的必备工具。

stupid adj.

Entries linking to stupid