liturgy (n.)

1550年代， Liturgy，"圣餐的服务"，源自法语 liturgie (16世纪)或直接源自晚期拉丁语/中世纪拉丁语 liturgia "公共服务，公共崇拜"，源自希腊语 leitourgia "礼仪； 公共职责，服务，部长"，源自 leitourgos "执行公共仪式或服务的人，公务员"，源自 leito- "公共" (源自 laos "人民； 比较 leiton "公共大厅"， leite "女祭司"； 参见 lay (形容词)) + -ourgos "工作"，源自 ergon "工作" (源自 PIE 词根 *werg- "做")。"基督教堂中进行神圣服务的集体公式"的含义始于1590年代。相关词： Liturgist； liturgics。

In ancient Greece, particularly at Athens, a form of personal service to the state which citizens possessing property to a certain amount were bound, when called upon, to perform at their own cost. These liturgies were ordinary, including the presentation of dramatic performances, musical and poetic contests, etc., the celebration of some festivals, and other public functions entailing expense upon the incumbent; or extraordinary, as the fitting out of a trireme In case of war. [Century Dictionary]

在古希腊，特别是在雅典，有一种个人对国家的服务形式，拥有一定数量财产的公民在被召唤时，必须自费执行这些服务。这些礼仪被称为 ordinary，包括戏剧表演、音乐和诗歌比赛等，一些节日的庆祝，以及其他需要承担费用的公共职能； 或者被称为 extraordinary，如在战争中配备三桅船。[世纪词典]